Three correctives that sit outside the appeal ladder. A court refers a question of law up to the High Court (§113); a party asks the same court to review itself (§114); and the High Court reaches down to revise a subordinate court’s jurisdictional error (§115). Three directions — up · in · down. Follow the journey ↓
A subordinate court, doubting a question of law, may state a case and refer it up to the High Court for opinion before deciding.
A party aggrieved may apply to the same court that passed the decree or order to review its own decision — on new evidence, an error apparent, or other sufficient reason.
The High Court may call for the record of a subordinate court that exercised a jurisdiction not vested in it, failed to exercise one it had, or acted illegally/with material irregularity — and set it right.